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comparison: ucx/list.h

ucx/list.h

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1 /*
2 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS HEADER.
3 *
4 * Copyright 2016 Olaf Wintermann. All rights reserved.
5 *
6 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
8 *
9 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11 *
12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15 *
16 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
17 * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
20 * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
21 * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
22 * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
23 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
24 * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
25 * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
26 * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
27 */
28 /**
29 * Doubly linked list implementation.
30 *
31 * @file list.h
32 * @author Mike Becker
33 * @author Olaf Wintermann
34 */
35
36 #ifndef UCX_LIST_H
37 #define UCX_LIST_H
38
39 #include "ucx.h"
40 #include "allocator.h"
41
42 #ifdef __cplusplus
43 extern "C" {
44 #endif
45
46 /**
47 * Loop statement for UCX lists.
48 *
49 * The first argument is the name of the iteration variable. The scope of
50 * this variable is limited to the <code>UCX_FOREACH</code> statement.
51 *
52 * The second argument is a pointer to the list. In most cases this will be the
53 * pointer to the first element of the list, but it may also be an arbitrary
54 * element of the list. The iteration will then start with that element.
55 *
56 * @param list The first element of the list
57 * @param elem The variable name of the element
58 */
59 #define UCX_FOREACH(elem,list) \
60 for (UcxList* elem = list ; elem != NULL ; elem = elem->next)
61
62 /**
63 * UCX list type.
64 * @see UcxList
65 */
66 typedef struct UcxList UcxList;
67
68 /**
69 * UCX list structure.
70 */
71 struct UcxList {
72 /**
73 * List element payload.
74 */
75 void *data;
76 /**
77 * Pointer to the next list element or <code>NULL</code>, if this is the
78 * last element.
79 */
80 UcxList *next;
81 /**
82 * Pointer to the previous list element or <code>NULL</code>, if this is
83 * the first element.
84 */
85 UcxList *prev;
86 };
87
88 /**
89 * Creates an element-wise copy of a list.
90 *
91 * This function clones the specified list by creating new list elements and
92 * copying the data with the specified copy_func(). If no copy_func() is
93 * specified, a shallow copy is created and the new list will reference the
94 * same data as the source list.
95 *
96 * @param list the list to copy
97 * @param cpyfnc a pointer to the function that shall copy an element (may be
98 * <code>NULL</code>)
99 * @param data additional data for the copy_func()
100 * @return a pointer to the copy
101 */
102 UcxList *ucx_list_clone(UcxList *list, copy_func cpyfnc, void* data);
103
104 /**
105 * Creates an element-wise copy of a list using a UcxAllocator.
106 *
107 * See ucx_list_clone() for details.
108 *
109 * You might want to pass the allocator via the <code>data</code> parameter,
110 * to access it within the copy function for making deep copies.
111 *
112 * @param allocator the allocator to use
113 * @param list the list to copy
114 * @param cpyfnc a pointer to the function that shall copy an element (may be
115 * <code>NULL</code>)
116 * @param data additional data for the copy_func()
117 * @return a pointer to the copy
118 * @see ucx_list_clone()
119 */
120 UcxList *ucx_list_clone_a(UcxAllocator *allocator, UcxList *list,
121 copy_func cpyfnc, void* data);
122
123 /**
124 * Compares two UCX lists element-wise by using a compare function.
125 *
126 * Each element of the two specified lists are compared by using the specified
127 * compare function and the additional data. The type and content of this
128 * additional data depends on the cmp_func() used.
129 *
130 * If the list pointers denote elements within a list, the lists are compared
131 * starting with the denoted elements. Thus any previous elements are not taken
132 * into account. This might be useful to check, if certain list tails match
133 * each other.
134 *
135 * @param list1 the first list
136 * @param list2 the second list
137 * @param cmpfnc the compare function
138 * @param data additional data for the compare function
139 * @return 1, if and only if the two lists equal element-wise, 0 otherwise
140 */
141 int ucx_list_equals(const UcxList *list1, const UcxList *list2,
142 cmp_func cmpfnc, void* data);
143
144 /**
145 * Destroys the entire list.
146 *
147 * The members of the list are not automatically freed, so ensure they are
148 * otherwise referenced or destroyed by ucx_list_free_contents().
149 * Otherwise, a memory leak is likely to occur.
150 *
151 * <b>Caution:</b> the argument <b>MUST</b> denote an entire list (i.e. a call
152 * to ucx_list_first() on the argument must return the argument itself)
153 *
154 * @param list the list to free
155 * @see ucx_list_free_contents()
156 */
157 void ucx_list_free(UcxList *list);
158
159 /**
160 * Destroys the entire list using a UcxAllocator.
161 *
162 * See ucx_list_free() for details.
163 *
164 * @param allocator the allocator to use
165 * @param list the list to free
166 * @see ucx_list_free()
167 */
168 void ucx_list_free_a(UcxAllocator *allocator, UcxList *list);
169
170 /**
171 * Destroys the contents of the specified list by calling the specified
172 * destructor on each of them.
173 *
174 * Note, that the contents are not usable afterwards and the list should be
175 * destroyed with ucx_list_free().
176 *
177 * @param list the list for which the contents shall be freed
178 * @param destr the destructor function (e.g. stdlib free())
179 * @see ucx_list_free()
180 */
181 void ucx_list_free_content(UcxList* list, ucx_destructor destr);
182
183
184 /**
185 * Inserts an element at the end of the list.
186 *
187 * This is generally an O(n) operation, as the end of the list is retrieved with
188 * ucx_list_last().
189 *
190 * @param list the list where to append the data, or <code>NULL</code> to
191 * create a new list
192 * @param data the data to insert
193 * @return <code>list</code>, if it is not <code>NULL</code> or a pointer to
194 * the newly created list otherwise
195 */
196 UcxList *ucx_list_append(UcxList *list, void *data);
197
198 /**
199 * Inserts an element at the end of the list using a UcxAllocator.
200 *
201 * See ucx_list_append() for details.
202 *
203 * @param allocator the allocator to use
204 * @param list the list where to append the data, or <code>NULL</code> to
205 * create a new list
206 * @param data the data to insert
207 * @return <code>list</code>, if it is not <code>NULL</code> or a pointer to
208 * the newly created list otherwise
209 * @see ucx_list_append()
210 */
211 UcxList *ucx_list_append_a(UcxAllocator *allocator, UcxList *list, void *data);
212
213 /**
214 * Inserts an element at the end of the list, if it is not present in the list.
215 *
216 *
217 * @param list the list where to append the data, or <code>NULL</code> to
218 * create a new list
219 * @param data the data to insert
220 * @param cmpfnc the compare function
221 * @param cmpdata additional data for the compare function
222 * @return <code>list</code>, if it is not <code>NULL</code> or a pointer to
223 * the newly created list otherwise
224 * @see ucx_list_append()
225 */
226 UcxList *ucx_list_append_once(UcxList *list, void *data,
227 cmp_func cmpfnc, void *cmpdata);
228
229 /**
230 * Inserts an element at the end of the list, if it is not present in the list,
231 * using a UcxAllocator.
232 *
233 * See ucx_list_append() for details.
234 *
235 * @param allocator the allocator to use
236 * @param list the list where to append the data, or <code>NULL</code> to
237 * create a new list
238 * @param data the data to insert
239 * @param cmpfnc the compare function
240 * @param cmpdata additional data for the compare function
241 * @return <code>list</code>, if it is not <code>NULL</code> or a pointer to
242 * the newly created list otherwise
243 * @see ucx_list_append_a()
244 */
245 UcxList *ucx_list_append_once_a(UcxAllocator *allocator,
246 UcxList *list, void *data, cmp_func cmpfnc, void *cmpdata);
247
248 /**
249 * Inserts an element at the beginning of the list.
250 *
251 * You <i>should</i> overwrite the old list pointer by calling
252 * <code>mylist = ucx_list_prepend(mylist, mydata);</code>. However, you may
253 * also perform successive calls of ucx_list_prepend() on the same list pointer,
254 * as this function always searchs for the head of the list with
255 * ucx_list_first().
256 *
257 * @param list the list where to insert the data or <code>NULL</code> to create
258 * a new list
259 * @param data the data to insert
260 * @return a pointer to the new list head
261 */
262 UcxList *ucx_list_prepend(UcxList *list, void *data);
263
264 /**
265 * Inserts an element at the beginning of the list using a UcxAllocator.
266 *
267 * See ucx_list_prepend() for details.
268 *
269 * @param allocator the allocator to use
270 * @param list the list where to insert the data or <code>NULL</code> to create
271 * a new list
272 * @param data the data to insert
273 * @return a pointer to the new list head
274 * @see ucx_list_prepend()
275 */
276 UcxList *ucx_list_prepend_a(UcxAllocator *allocator, UcxList *list, void *data);
277
278 /**
279 * Concatenates two lists.
280 *
281 * Either of the two arguments may be <code>NULL</code>.
282 *
283 * This function modifies the references to the next/previous element of
284 * the last/first element of <code>list1</code>/<code>
285 * list2</code>.
286 *
287 * @param list1 first list
288 * @param list2 second list
289 * @return if <code>list1</code> is <code>NULL</code>, <code>list2</code> is
290 * returned, otherwise <code>list1</code> is returned
291 */
292 UcxList *ucx_list_concat(UcxList *list1, UcxList *list2);
293
294 /**
295 * Returns the first element of a list.
296 *
297 * If the argument is the list pointer, it is directly returned. Otherwise
298 * this function traverses to the first element of the list and returns the
299 * list pointer.
300 *
301 * @param elem one element of the list
302 * @return the first element of the list, the specified element is a member of
303 */
304 UcxList *ucx_list_first(const UcxList *elem);
305
306 /**
307 * Returns the last element of a list.
308 *
309 * If the argument has no successor, it is the last element and therefore
310 * directly returned. Otherwise this function traverses to the last element of
311 * the list and returns it.
312 *
313 * @param elem one element of the list
314 * @return the last element of the list, the specified element is a member of
315 */
316 UcxList *ucx_list_last(const UcxList *elem);
317
318 /**
319 * Returns the list element at the specified index.
320 *
321 * @param list the list to retrieve the element from
322 * @param index index of the element to return
323 * @return the element at the specified index or <code>NULL</code>, if the
324 * index is greater than the list size
325 */
326 UcxList *ucx_list_get(const UcxList *list, size_t index);
327
328 /**
329 * Returns the index of an element.
330 *
331 * @param list the list where to search for the element
332 * @param elem the element to find
333 * @return the index of the element or -1 if the list does not contain the
334 * element
335 */
336 ssize_t ucx_list_indexof(const UcxList *list, const UcxList *elem);
337
338 /**
339 * Returns the element count of the list.
340 *
341 * @param list the list whose elements are counted
342 * @return the element count
343 */
344 size_t ucx_list_size(const UcxList *list);
345
346 /**
347 * Returns the index of an element containing the specified data.
348 *
349 * This function uses a cmp_func() to compare the data of each list element
350 * with the specified data. If no cmp_func is provided, the pointers are
351 * compared.
352 *
353 * If the list contains the data more than once, the index of the first
354 * occurrence is returned.
355 *
356 * @param list the list where to search for the data
357 * @param elem the element data
358 * @param cmpfnc the compare function
359 * @param data additional data for the compare function
360 * @return the index of the element containing the specified data or -1 if the
361 * data is not found in this list
362 */
363 ssize_t ucx_list_find(UcxList *list, void *elem, cmp_func cmpfnc, void *data);
364
365 /**
366 * Checks, if a list contains a specific element.
367 *
368 * An element is found, if ucx_list_find() returns a value greater than -1.
369 *
370 * @param list the list where to search for the data
371 * @param elem the element data
372 * @param cmpfnc the compare function
373 * @param data additional data for the compare function
374 * @return 1, if and only if the list contains the specified element data
375 * @see ucx_list_find()
376 */
377 int ucx_list_contains(UcxList *list, void *elem, cmp_func cmpfnc, void *data);
378
379 /**
380 * Sorts a UcxList with natural merge sort.
381 *
382 * This function uses O(n) additional temporary memory for merge operations
383 * that is automatically freed after each merge.
384 *
385 * As the head of the list might change, you <b>MUST</b> call this function
386 * as follows: <code>mylist = ucx_list_sort(mylist, mycmpfnc, mydata);</code>.
387 *
388 * @param list the list to sort
389 * @param cmpfnc the function that shall be used to compare the element data
390 * @param data additional data for the cmp_func()
391 * @return the sorted list
392 */
393 UcxList *ucx_list_sort(UcxList *list, cmp_func cmpfnc, void *data);
394
395 /**
396 * Removes an element from the list.
397 *
398 * If the first element is removed, the list pointer changes. So it is
399 * <i>highly recommended</i> to <i>always</i> update the pointer by calling
400 * <code>mylist = ucx_list_remove(mylist, myelem);</code>.
401 *
402 * @param list the list from which the element shall be removed
403 * @param element the element to remove
404 * @return returns the updated list pointer or <code>NULL</code>, if the list
405 * is now empty
406 */
407 UcxList *ucx_list_remove(UcxList *list, UcxList *element);
408
409 /**
410 * Removes an element from the list using a UcxAllocator.
411 *
412 * See ucx_list_remove() for details.
413 *
414 * @param allocator the allocator to use
415 * @param list the list from which the element shall be removed
416 * @param element the element to remove
417 * @return returns the updated list pointer or <code>NULL</code>, if the list
418 * @see ucx_list_remove()
419 */
420 UcxList *ucx_list_remove_a(UcxAllocator *allocator, UcxList *list,
421 UcxList *element);
422
423 #ifdef __cplusplus
424 }
425 #endif
426
427 #endif /* UCX_LIST_H */
428

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