--- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/ucx/cx/string.h Mon May 22 16:17:26 2023 +0200
@@ -0,0 +1,1078 @@
+/*
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS HEADER.
+ *
+ * Copyright 2021 Mike Becker, Olaf Wintermann All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ *
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+ * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+ * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+ * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+ * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+ * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+ * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+ * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
+ * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+/**
+ * \file string.h
+ * \brief Strings that know their length.
+ * \author Mike Becker
+ * \author Olaf Wintermann
+ * \version 3.0
+ * \copyright 2-Clause BSD License
+ */
+
+#ifndef UCX_STRING_H
+#define UCX_STRING_H
+
+#include "common.h"
+#include "allocator.h"
+
+/**
+ * The UCX string structure.
+ */
+struct cx_mutstr_s {
+ /**
+ * A pointer to the string.
+ * \note The string is not necessarily \c NULL terminated.
+ * Always use the length.
+ */
+ char *ptr;
+ /** The length of the string */
+ size_t length;
+};
+
+/**
+ * A mutable string.
+ */
+typedef struct cx_mutstr_s cxmutstr;
+
+/**
+ * The UCX string structure for immutable (constant) strings.
+ */
+struct cx_string_s {
+ /**
+ * A pointer to the immutable string.
+ * \note The string is not necessarily \c NULL terminated.
+ * Always use the length.
+ */
+ char const *ptr;
+ /** The length of the string */
+ size_t length;
+};
+
+/**
+ * An immutable string.
+ */
+typedef struct cx_string_s cxstring;
+
+/**
+ * Context for string tokenizing.
+ */
+struct cx_strtok_ctx_s {
+ /**
+ * The string to tokenize.
+ */
+ cxstring str;
+ /**
+ * The primary delimiter.
+ */
+ cxstring delim;
+ /**
+ * Optional array of more delimiters.
+ */
+ cxstring const *delim_more;
+ /**
+ * Length of the array containing more delimiters.
+ */
+ size_t delim_more_count;
+ /**
+ * Position of the currently active token in the source string.
+ */
+ size_t pos;
+ /**
+ * Position of next delimiter in the source string.
+ *
+ * If the tokenizer has not yet returned a token, the content of this field
+ * is undefined. If the tokenizer reached the end of the string, this field
+ * contains the length of the source string.
+ */
+ size_t delim_pos;
+ /**
+ * The position of the next token in the source string.
+ */
+ size_t next_pos;
+ /**
+ * The number of already found tokens.
+ */
+ size_t found;
+ /**
+ * The maximum number of tokens that shall be returned.
+ */
+ size_t limit;
+};
+
+/**
+ * A string tokenizing context.
+ */
+typedef struct cx_strtok_ctx_s CxStrtokCtx;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+
+/**
+ * A literal initializer for an UCX string structure.
+ *
+ * @param literal the string literal
+ */
+#define CX_STR(literal) cxstring{literal, sizeof(literal) - 1}
+
+#else // __cplusplus
+
+/**
+ * A literal initializer for an UCX string structure.
+ *
+ * The argument MUST be a string (const char*) \em literal.
+ *
+ * @param literal the string literal
+ */
+#define CX_STR(literal) (cxstring){literal, sizeof(literal) - 1}
+
+#endif
+
+
+/**
+ * Wraps a mutable string that must be zero-terminated.
+ *
+ * The length is implicitly inferred by using a call to \c strlen().
+ *
+ * \note the wrapped string will share the specified pointer to the string.
+ * If you do want a copy, use cx_strdup() on the return value of this function.
+ *
+ * If you need to wrap a constant string, use cx_str().
+ *
+ * @param cstring the string to wrap, must be zero-terminated
+ * @return the wrapped string
+ *
+ * @see cx_mutstrn()
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__, __nonnull__))
+cxmutstr cx_mutstr(char *cstring);
+
+/**
+ * Wraps a string that does not need to be zero-terminated.
+ *
+ * The argument may be \c NULL if the length is zero.
+ *
+ * \note the wrapped string will share the specified pointer to the string.
+ * If you do want a copy, use cx_strdup() on the return value of this function.
+ *
+ * If you need to wrap a constant string, use cx_strn().
+ *
+ * @param cstring the string to wrap (or \c NULL, only if the length is zero)
+ * @param length the length of the string
+ * @return the wrapped string
+ *
+ * @see cx_mutstr()
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__))
+cxmutstr cx_mutstrn(
+ char *cstring,
+ size_t length
+);
+
+/**
+ * Wraps a string that must be zero-terminated.
+ *
+ * The length is implicitly inferred by using a call to \c strlen().
+ *
+ * \note the wrapped string will share the specified pointer to the string.
+ * If you do want a copy, use cx_strdup() on the return value of this function.
+ *
+ * If you need to wrap a non-constant string, use cx_mutstr().
+ *
+ * @param cstring the string to wrap, must be zero-terminated
+ * @return the wrapped string
+ *
+ * @see cx_strn()
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__, __nonnull__))
+cxstring cx_str(char const *cstring);
+
+
+/**
+ * Wraps a string that does not need to be zero-terminated.
+ *
+ * The argument may be \c NULL if the length is zero.
+ *
+ * \note the wrapped string will share the specified pointer to the string.
+ * If you do want a copy, use cx_strdup() on the return value of this function.
+ *
+ * If you need to wrap a non-constant string, use cx_mutstrn().
+ *
+ * @param cstring the string to wrap (or \c NULL, only if the length is zero)
+ * @param length the length of the string
+ * @return the wrapped string
+ *
+ * @see cx_str()
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__))
+cxstring cx_strn(
+ char const *cstring,
+ size_t length
+);
+
+/**
+* Casts a mutable string to an immutable string.
+*
+* \note This is not seriously a cast. Instead you get a copy
+* of the struct with the desired pointer type. Both structs still
+* point to the same location, though!
+*
+* @param str the mutable string to cast
+* @return an immutable copy of the string pointer
+*/
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__))
+cxstring cx_strcast(cxmutstr str);
+
+/**
+ * Passes the pointer in this string to \c free().
+ *
+ * The pointer in the struct is set to \c NULL and the length is set to zero.
+ *
+ * \note There is no implementation for cxstring, because it is unlikely that
+ * you ever have a \c char \c const* you are really supposed to free. If you
+ * encounter such situation, you should double-check your code.
+ *
+ * @param str the string to free
+ */
+__attribute__((__nonnull__))
+void cx_strfree(cxmutstr *str);
+
+/**
+ * Passes the pointer in this string to the allocators free function.
+ *
+ * The pointer in the struct is set to \c NULL and the length is set to zero.
+ *
+ * \note There is no implementation for cxstring, because it is unlikely that
+ * you ever have a \c char \c const* you are really supposed to free. If you
+ * encounter such situation, you should double-check your code.
+ *
+ * @param alloc the allocator
+ * @param str the string to free
+ */
+__attribute__((__nonnull__))
+void cx_strfree_a(
+ CxAllocator const *alloc,
+ cxmutstr *str
+);
+
+/**
+ * Returns the accumulated length of all specified strings.
+ *
+ * \attention if the count argument is larger than the number of the
+ * specified strings, the behavior is undefined.
+ *
+ * @param count the total number of specified strings
+ * @param ... all strings
+ * @return the accumulated length of all strings
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__))
+size_t cx_strlen(
+ size_t count,
+ ...
+);
+
+/**
+ * Concatenates strings.
+ *
+ * The resulting string will be allocated by the specified allocator.
+ * So developers \em must pass the return value to cx_strfree_a() eventually.
+ *
+ * If \p str already contains a string, the memory will be reallocated and
+ * the other strings are appended. Otherwise, new memory is allocated.
+ *
+ * \note It is guaranteed that there is only one allocation.
+ * It is also guaranteed that the returned string is zero-terminated.
+ *
+ * @param alloc the allocator to use
+ * @param str the string the other strings shall be concatenated to
+ * @param count the number of the other following strings to concatenate
+ * @param ... all other strings
+ * @return the concatenated string
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__, __nonnull__))
+cxmutstr cx_strcat_ma(
+ CxAllocator const *alloc,
+ cxmutstr str,
+ size_t count,
+ ...
+);
+
+/**
+ * Concatenates strings and returns a new string.
+ *
+ * The resulting string will be allocated by the specified allocator.
+ * So developers \em must pass the return value to cx_strfree_a() eventually.
+ *
+ * \note It is guaranteed that there is only one allocation.
+ * It is also guaranteed that the returned string is zero-terminated.
+ *
+ * @param alloc the allocator to use
+ * @param count the number of the other following strings to concatenate
+ * @param ... all other strings
+ * @return the concatenated string
+ */
+#define cx_strcat_a(alloc, count, ...) \
+cx_strcat_ma(alloc, cx_mutstrn(NULL, 0), count, __VA_ARGS__)
+
+/**
+ * Concatenates strings and returns a new string.
+ *
+ * The resulting string will be allocated by standard \c malloc().
+ * So developers \em must pass the return value to cx_strfree() eventually.
+ *
+ * \note It is guaranteed that there is only one allocation.
+ * It is also guaranteed that the returned string is zero-terminated.
+ *
+ * @param count the number of the other following strings to concatenate
+ * @param ... all other strings
+ * @return the concatenated string
+ */
+#define cx_strcat(count, ...) \
+cx_strcat_ma(cxDefaultAllocator, cx_mutstrn(NULL, 0), count, __VA_ARGS__)
+
+/**
+ * Concatenates strings.
+ *
+ * The resulting string will be allocated by standard \c malloc().
+ * So developers \em must pass the return value to cx_strfree() eventually.
+ *
+ * If \p str already contains a string, the memory will be reallocated and
+ * the other strings are appended. Otherwise, new memory is allocated.
+ *
+ * \note It is guaranteed that there is only one allocation.
+ * It is also guaranteed that the returned string is zero-terminated.
+ *
+ * @param str the string the other strings shall be concatenated to
+ * @param count the number of the other following strings to concatenate
+ * @param ... all other strings
+ * @return the concatenated string
+ */
+#define cx_strcat_m(str, count, ...) \
+cx_strcat_ma(cxDefaultAllocator, str, count, __VA_ARGS__)
+
+/**
+ * Returns a substring starting at the specified location.
+ *
+ * \attention the new string references the same memory area as the
+ * input string and is usually \em not zero-terminated.
+ * Use cx_strdup() to get a copy.
+ *
+ * @param string input string
+ * @param start start location of the substring
+ * @return a substring of \p string starting at \p start
+ *
+ * @see cx_strsubsl()
+ * @see cx_strsubs_m()
+ * @see cx_strsubsl_m()
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__))
+cxstring cx_strsubs(
+ cxstring string,
+ size_t start
+);
+
+/**
+ * Returns a substring starting at the specified location.
+ *
+ * The returned string will be limited to \p length bytes or the number
+ * of bytes available in \p string, whichever is smaller.
+ *
+ * \attention the new string references the same memory area as the
+ * input string and is usually \em not zero-terminated.
+ * Use cx_strdup() to get a copy.
+ *
+ * @param string input string
+ * @param start start location of the substring
+ * @param length the maximum length of the returned string
+ * @return a substring of \p string starting at \p start
+ *
+ * @see cx_strsubs()
+ * @see cx_strsubs_m()
+ * @see cx_strsubsl_m()
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__))
+cxstring cx_strsubsl(
+ cxstring string,
+ size_t start,
+ size_t length
+);
+
+/**
+ * Returns a substring starting at the specified location.
+ *
+ * \attention the new string references the same memory area as the
+ * input string and is usually \em not zero-terminated.
+ * Use cx_strdup() to get a copy.
+ *
+ * @param string input string
+ * @param start start location of the substring
+ * @return a substring of \p string starting at \p start
+ *
+ * @see cx_strsubsl_m()
+ * @see cx_strsubs()
+ * @see cx_strsubsl()
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__))
+cxmutstr cx_strsubs_m(
+ cxmutstr string,
+ size_t start
+);
+
+/**
+ * Returns a substring starting at the specified location.
+ *
+ * The returned string will be limited to \p length bytes or the number
+ * of bytes available in \p string, whichever is smaller.
+ *
+ * \attention the new string references the same memory area as the
+ * input string and is usually \em not zero-terminated.
+ * Use cx_strdup() to get a copy.
+ *
+ * @param string input string
+ * @param start start location of the substring
+ * @param length the maximum length of the returned string
+ * @return a substring of \p string starting at \p start
+ *
+ * @see cx_strsubs_m()
+ * @see cx_strsubs()
+ * @see cx_strsubsl()
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__))
+cxmutstr cx_strsubsl_m(
+ cxmutstr string,
+ size_t start,
+ size_t length
+);
+
+/**
+ * Returns a substring starting at the location of the first occurrence of the
+ * specified character.
+ *
+ * If the string does not contain the character, an empty string is returned.
+ *
+ * @param string the string where to locate the character
+ * @param chr the character to locate
+ * @return a substring starting at the first location of \p chr
+ *
+ * @see cx_strchr_m()
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__))
+cxstring cx_strchr(
+ cxstring string,
+ int chr
+);
+
+/**
+ * Returns a substring starting at the location of the first occurrence of the
+ * specified character.
+ *
+ * If the string does not contain the character, an empty string is returned.
+ *
+ * @param string the string where to locate the character
+ * @param chr the character to locate
+ * @return a substring starting at the first location of \p chr
+ *
+ * @see cx_strchr()
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__))
+cxmutstr cx_strchr_m(
+ cxmutstr string,
+ int chr
+);
+
+/**
+ * Returns a substring starting at the location of the last occurrence of the
+ * specified character.
+ *
+ * If the string does not contain the character, an empty string is returned.
+ *
+ * @param string the string where to locate the character
+ * @param chr the character to locate
+ * @return a substring starting at the last location of \p chr
+ *
+ * @see cx_strrchr_m()
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__))
+cxstring cx_strrchr(
+ cxstring string,
+ int chr
+);
+
+/**
+ * Returns a substring starting at the location of the last occurrence of the
+ * specified character.
+ *
+ * If the string does not contain the character, an empty string is returned.
+ *
+ * @param string the string where to locate the character
+ * @param chr the character to locate
+ * @return a substring starting at the last location of \p chr
+ *
+ * @see cx_strrchr()
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__))
+cxmutstr cx_strrchr_m(
+ cxmutstr string,
+ int chr
+);
+
+/**
+ * Returns a substring starting at the location of the first occurrence of the
+ * specified string.
+ *
+ * If \p haystack does not contain \p needle, an empty string is returned.
+ *
+ * If \p needle is an empty string, the complete \p haystack is
+ * returned.
+ *
+ * @param haystack the string to be scanned
+ * @param needle string containing the sequence of characters to match
+ * @return a substring starting at the first occurrence of
+ * \p needle, or an empty string, if the sequence is not
+ * contained
+ * @see cx_strstr_m()
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__))
+cxstring cx_strstr(
+ cxstring haystack,
+ cxstring needle
+);
+
+/**
+ * Returns a substring starting at the location of the first occurrence of the
+ * specified string.
+ *
+ * If \p haystack does not contain \p needle, an empty string is returned.
+ *
+ * If \p needle is an empty string, the complete \p haystack is
+ * returned.
+ *
+ * @param haystack the string to be scanned
+ * @param needle string containing the sequence of characters to match
+ * @return a substring starting at the first occurrence of
+ * \p needle, or an empty string, if the sequence is not
+ * contained
+ * @see cx_strstr()
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__))
+cxmutstr cx_strstr_m(
+ cxmutstr haystack,
+ cxstring needle
+);
+
+/**
+ * Splits a given string using a delimiter string.
+ *
+ * \note The resulting array contains strings that point to the source
+ * \p string. Use cx_strdup() to get copies.
+ *
+ * @param string the string to split
+ * @param delim the delimiter
+ * @param limit the maximum number of split items
+ * @param output a pre-allocated array of at least \p limit length
+ * @return the actual number of split items
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__, __nonnull__))
+size_t cx_strsplit(
+ cxstring string,
+ cxstring delim,
+ size_t limit,
+ cxstring *output
+);
+
+/**
+ * Splits a given string using a delimiter string.
+ *
+ * The array pointed to by \p output will be allocated by \p allocator.
+ *
+ * \note The resulting array contains strings that point to the source
+ * \p string. Use cx_strdup() to get copies.
+ *
+ * \attention If allocation fails, the \c NULL pointer will be written to
+ * \p output and the number returned will be zero.
+ *
+ * @param allocator the allocator to use for allocating the resulting array
+ * @param string the string to split
+ * @param delim the delimiter
+ * @param limit the maximum number of split items
+ * @param output a pointer where the address of the allocated array shall be
+ * written to
+ * @return the actual number of split items
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__, __nonnull__))
+size_t cx_strsplit_a(
+ CxAllocator const *allocator,
+ cxstring string,
+ cxstring delim,
+ size_t limit,
+ cxstring **output
+);
+
+
+/**
+ * Splits a given string using a delimiter string.
+ *
+ * \note The resulting array contains strings that point to the source
+ * \p string. Use cx_strdup() to get copies.
+ *
+ * @param string the string to split
+ * @param delim the delimiter
+ * @param limit the maximum number of split items
+ * @param output a pre-allocated array of at least \p limit length
+ * @return the actual number of split items
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__, __nonnull__))
+size_t cx_strsplit_m(
+ cxmutstr string,
+ cxstring delim,
+ size_t limit,
+ cxmutstr *output
+);
+
+/**
+ * Splits a given string using a delimiter string.
+ *
+ * The array pointed to by \p output will be allocated by \p allocator.
+ *
+ * \note The resulting array contains strings that point to the source
+ * \p string. Use cx_strdup() to get copies.
+ *
+ * \attention If allocation fails, the \c NULL pointer will be written to
+ * \p output and the number returned will be zero.
+ *
+ * @param allocator the allocator to use for allocating the resulting array
+ * @param string the string to split
+ * @param delim the delimiter
+ * @param limit the maximum number of split items
+ * @param output a pointer where the address of the allocated array shall be
+ * written to
+ * @return the actual number of split items
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__, __nonnull__))
+size_t cx_strsplit_ma(
+ CxAllocator const *allocator,
+ cxmutstr string,
+ cxstring delim,
+ size_t limit,
+ cxmutstr **output
+);
+
+/**
+ * Compares two strings.
+ *
+ * @param s1 the first string
+ * @param s2 the second string
+ * @return negative if \p s1 is smaller than \p s2, positive if \p s1 is larger
+ * than \p s2, zero if both strings equal
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__))
+int cx_strcmp(
+ cxstring s1,
+ cxstring s2
+);
+
+/**
+ * Compares two strings ignoring case.
+ *
+ * @param s1 the first string
+ * @param s2 the second string
+ * @return negative if \p s1 is smaller than \p s2, positive if \p s1 is larger
+ * than \p s2, zero if both strings equal ignoring case
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__))
+int cx_strcasecmp(
+ cxstring s1,
+ cxstring s2
+);
+
+/**
+ * Compares two strings.
+ *
+ * This function has a compatible signature for the use as a cx_compare_func.
+ *
+ * @param s1 the first string
+ * @param s2 the second string
+ * @return negative if \p s1 is smaller than \p s2, positive if \p s1 is larger
+ * than \p s2, zero if both strings equal
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__, __nonnull__))
+int cx_strcmp_p(
+ void const *s1,
+ void const *s2
+);
+
+/**
+ * Compares two strings ignoring case.
+ *
+ * This function has a compatible signature for the use as a cx_compare_func.
+ *
+ * @param s1 the first string
+ * @param s2 the second string
+ * @return negative if \p s1 is smaller than \p s2, positive if \p s1 is larger
+ * than \p s2, zero if both strings equal ignoring case
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__, __nonnull__))
+int cx_strcasecmp_p(
+ void const *s1,
+ void const *s2
+);
+
+
+/**
+ * Creates a duplicate of the specified string.
+ *
+ * The new string will contain a copy allocated by \p allocator.
+ *
+ * \note The returned string is guaranteed to be zero-terminated.
+ *
+ * @param allocator the allocator to use
+ * @param string the string to duplicate
+ * @return a duplicate of the string
+ * @see cx_strdup()
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__, __nonnull__))
+cxmutstr cx_strdup_a(
+ CxAllocator const *allocator,
+ cxstring string
+);
+
+/**
+ * Creates a duplicate of the specified string.
+ *
+ * The new string will contain a copy allocated by standard
+ * \c malloc(). So developers \em must pass the return value to cx_strfree().
+ *
+ * \note The returned string is guaranteed to be zero-terminated.
+ *
+ * @param string the string to duplicate
+ * @return a duplicate of the string
+ * @see cx_strdup_a()
+ */
+#define cx_strdup(string) cx_strdup_a(cxDefaultAllocator, string)
+
+
+/**
+ * Creates a duplicate of the specified string.
+ *
+ * The new string will contain a copy allocated by \p allocator.
+ *
+ * \note The returned string is guaranteed to be zero-terminated.
+ *
+ * @param allocator the allocator to use
+ * @param string the string to duplicate
+ * @return a duplicate of the string
+ * @see cx_strdup_m()
+ */
+#define cx_strdup_ma(allocator, string) cx_strdup_a(allocator, cx_strcast(string))
+
+/**
+ * Creates a duplicate of the specified string.
+ *
+ * The new string will contain a copy allocated by standard
+ * \c malloc(). So developers \em must pass the return value to cx_strfree().
+ *
+ * \note The returned string is guaranteed to be zero-terminated.
+ *
+ * @param string the string to duplicate
+ * @return a duplicate of the string
+ * @see cx_strdup_ma()
+ */
+#define cx_strdup_m(string) cx_strdup_a(cxDefaultAllocator, cx_strcast(string))
+
+/**
+ * Omits leading and trailing spaces.
+ *
+ * \note the returned string references the same memory, thus you
+ * must \em not free the returned memory.
+ *
+ * @param string the string that shall be trimmed
+ * @return the trimmed string
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__))
+cxstring cx_strtrim(cxstring string);
+
+/**
+ * Omits leading and trailing spaces.
+ *
+ * \note the returned string references the same memory, thus you
+ * must \em not free the returned memory.
+ *
+ * @param string the string that shall be trimmed
+ * @return the trimmed string
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__))
+cxmutstr cx_strtrim_m(cxmutstr string);
+
+/**
+ * Checks, if a string has a specific prefix.
+ *
+ * @param string the string to check
+ * @param prefix the prefix the string should have
+ * @return \c true, if and only if the string has the specified prefix,
+ * \c false otherwise
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__))
+bool cx_strprefix(
+ cxstring string,
+ cxstring prefix
+);
+
+/**
+ * Checks, if a string has a specific suffix.
+ *
+ * @param string the string to check
+ * @param suffix the suffix the string should have
+ * @return \c true, if and only if the string has the specified suffix,
+ * \c false otherwise
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__))
+bool cx_strsuffix(
+ cxstring string,
+ cxstring suffix
+);
+
+/**
+ * Checks, if a string has a specific prefix, ignoring the case.
+ *
+ * @param string the string to check
+ * @param prefix the prefix the string should have
+ * @return \c true, if and only if the string has the specified prefix,
+ * \c false otherwise
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__))
+bool cx_strcaseprefix(
+ cxstring string,
+ cxstring prefix
+);
+
+/**
+ * Checks, if a string has a specific suffix, ignoring the case.
+ *
+ * @param string the string to check
+ * @param suffix the suffix the string should have
+ * @return \c true, if and only if the string has the specified suffix,
+ * \c false otherwise
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__))
+bool cx_strcasesuffix(
+ cxstring string,
+ cxstring suffix
+);
+
+/**
+ * Converts the string to lower case.
+ *
+ * The change is made in-place. If you want a copy, use cx_strdup(), first.
+ *
+ * @param string the string to modify
+ * @see cx_strdup()
+ */
+void cx_strlower(cxmutstr string);
+
+/**
+ * Converts the string to upper case.
+ *
+ * The change is made in-place. If you want a copy, use cx_strdup(), first.
+ *
+ * @param string the string to modify
+ * @see cx_strdup()
+ */
+void cx_strupper(cxmutstr string);
+
+/**
+ * Replaces a pattern in a string with another string.
+ *
+ * The pattern is taken literally and is no regular expression.
+ * Replaces at most \p replmax occurrences.
+ *
+ * The returned string will be allocated by \p allocator and is guaranteed
+ * to be zero-terminated.
+ *
+ * If allocation fails, or the input string is empty,
+ * the returned string will be empty.
+ *
+ * @param allocator the allocator to use
+ * @param str the string where replacements should be applied
+ * @param pattern the pattern to search for
+ * @param replacement the replacement string
+ * @param replmax maximum number of replacements
+ * @return the resulting string after applying the replacements
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__, __nonnull__))
+cxmutstr cx_strreplacen_a(
+ CxAllocator const *allocator,
+ cxstring str,
+ cxstring pattern,
+ cxstring replacement,
+ size_t replmax
+);
+
+/**
+ * Replaces a pattern in a string with another string.
+ *
+ * The pattern is taken literally and is no regular expression.
+ * Replaces at most \p replmax occurrences.
+ *
+ * The returned string will be allocated by \c malloc() and is guaranteed
+ * to be zero-terminated.
+ *
+ * If allocation fails, or the input string is empty,
+ * the returned string will be empty.
+ *
+ * @param str the string where replacements should be applied
+ * @param pattern the pattern to search for
+ * @param replacement the replacement string
+ * @param replmax maximum number of replacements
+ * @return the resulting string after applying the replacements
+ */
+#define cx_strreplacen(str, pattern, replacement, replmax) \
+cx_strreplacen_a(cxDefaultAllocator, str, pattern, replacement, replmax)
+
+/**
+ * Replaces a pattern in a string with another string.
+ *
+ * The pattern is taken literally and is no regular expression.
+ *
+ * The returned string will be allocated by \p allocator and is guaranteed
+ * to be zero-terminated.
+ *
+ * If allocation fails, or the input string is empty,
+ * the returned string will be empty.
+ *
+ * @param allocator the allocator to use
+ * @param str the string where replacements should be applied
+ * @param pattern the pattern to search for
+ * @param replacement the replacement string
+ * @return the resulting string after applying the replacements
+ */
+#define cx_strreplace_a(allocator, str, pattern, replacement) \
+cx_strreplacen_a(allocator, str, pattern, replacement, SIZE_MAX)
+
+/**
+ * Replaces a pattern in a string with another string.
+ *
+ * The pattern is taken literally and is no regular expression.
+ * Replaces at most \p replmax occurrences.
+ *
+ * The returned string will be allocated by \c malloc() and is guaranteed
+ * to be zero-terminated.
+ *
+ * If allocation fails, or the input string is empty,
+ * the returned string will be empty.
+ *
+ * @param str the string where replacements should be applied
+ * @param pattern the pattern to search for
+ * @param replacement the replacement string
+ * @return the resulting string after applying the replacements
+ */
+#define cx_strreplace(str, pattern, replacement) \
+cx_strreplacen_a(cxDefaultAllocator, str, pattern, replacement, SIZE_MAX)
+
+/**
+ * Creates a string tokenization context.
+ *
+ * @param str the string to tokenize
+ * @param delim the delimiter (must not be empty)
+ * @param limit the maximum number of tokens that shall be returned
+ * @return a new string tokenization context
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__))
+CxStrtokCtx cx_strtok(
+ cxstring str,
+ cxstring delim,
+ size_t limit
+);
+
+/**
+* Creates a string tokenization context for a mutable string.
+*
+* @param str the string to tokenize
+* @param delim the delimiter (must not be empty)
+* @param limit the maximum number of tokens that shall be returned
+* @return a new string tokenization context
+*/
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__))
+CxStrtokCtx cx_strtok_m(
+ cxmutstr str,
+ cxstring delim,
+ size_t limit
+);
+
+/**
+ * Returns the next token.
+ *
+ * The token will point to the source string.
+ *
+ * @param ctx the tokenization context
+ * @param token a pointer to memory where the next token shall be stored
+ * @return true if successful, false if the limit or the end of the string
+ * has been reached
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__, __nonnull__))
+bool cx_strtok_next(
+ CxStrtokCtx *ctx,
+ cxstring *token
+);
+
+/**
+ * Returns the next token of a mutable string.
+ *
+ * The token will point to the source string.
+ * If the context was not initialized over a mutable string, modifying
+ * the data of the returned token is undefined behavior.
+ *
+ * @param ctx the tokenization context
+ * @param token a pointer to memory where the next token shall be stored
+ * @return true if successful, false if the limit or the end of the string
+ * has been reached
+ */
+__attribute__((__warn_unused_result__, __nonnull__))
+bool cx_strtok_next_m(
+ CxStrtokCtx *ctx,
+ cxmutstr *token
+);
+
+/**
+ * Defines an array of more delimiters for the specified tokenization context.
+ *
+ * @param ctx the tokenization context
+ * @param delim array of more delimiters
+ * @param count number of elements in the array
+ */
+__attribute__((__nonnull__))
+void cx_strtok_delim(
+ CxStrtokCtx *ctx,
+ cxstring const *delim,
+ size_t count
+);
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+} // extern "C"
+#endif
+
+#endif //UCX_STRING_H