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1 | /* |
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2 | * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS HEADER. |
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3 | * |
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4 | * Copyright 2018 Olaf Wintermann. All rights reserved. |
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5 | * |
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6 | * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without |
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7 | * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: |
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8 | * |
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9 | * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright |
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10 | * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. |
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11 | * |
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12 | * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright |
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13 | * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the |
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14 | * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. |
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15 | * |
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16 | * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" |
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17 | * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE |
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18 | * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE |
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19 | * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE |
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20 | * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR |
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21 | * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF |
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22 | * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS |
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23 | * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN |
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24 | * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) |
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25 | * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE |
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26 | * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. |
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27 | */ |
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28 | |
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29 | #ifndef DAVQLPARSER_H |
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30 | #define DAVQLPARSER_H |
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31 | |
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32 | #ifdef __cplusplus |
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33 | extern "C" { |
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34 | #endif |
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35 | |
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36 | #include <stdint.h> |
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37 | #include "ucx/string.h" |
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38 | #include "ucx/list.h" |
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39 | |
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40 | /** |
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41 | * Enumeration of possible statement types. |
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42 | */ |
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43 | typedef enum {DAVQL_ERROR, DAVQL_SELECT, DAVQL_SET} davqltype_t; |
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44 | |
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45 | /** |
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46 | * Enumeration of possible token classes. |
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47 | */ |
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48 | typedef enum { |
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49 | DAVQL_TOKEN_INVALID, DAVQL_TOKEN_KEYWORD, |
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50 | DAVQL_TOKEN_IDENTIFIER, DAVQL_TOKEN_FMTSPEC, |
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51 | DAVQL_TOKEN_STRING, DAVQL_TOKEN_NUMBER, DAVQL_TOKEN_TIMESTAMP, |
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52 | DAVQL_TOKEN_COMMA, DAVQL_TOKEN_OPENP, DAVQL_TOKEN_CLOSEP, |
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53 | DAVQL_TOKEN_OPERATOR, DAVQL_TOKEN_END |
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54 | } davqltokenclass_t; |
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55 | |
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56 | /** |
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57 | * Enumeration of possible expression types. |
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58 | */ |
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59 | typedef enum { |
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60 | DAVQL_UNDEFINED_TYPE, |
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61 | DAVQL_NUMBER, DAVQL_STRING, DAVQL_TIMESTAMP, DAVQL_IDENTIFIER, |
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62 | DAVQL_UNARY, DAVQL_BINARY, DAVQL_LOGICAL, DAVQL_FUNCCALL |
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63 | } davqlexprtype_t; |
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64 | |
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65 | /** |
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66 | * Enumeration of possible expression operators. |
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67 | */ |
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68 | typedef enum { |
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69 | DAVQL_NOOP, DAVQL_CALL, DAVQL_ARGLIST, // internal representations |
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70 | DAVQL_ADD, DAVQL_SUB, DAVQL_MUL, DAVQL_DIV, |
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71 | DAVQL_AND, DAVQL_OR, DAVQL_XOR, DAVQL_NEG, // airthmetic |
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72 | DAVQL_NOT, DAVQL_LAND, DAVQL_LOR, DAVQL_LXOR, // logical |
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73 | DAVQL_EQ, DAVQL_NEQ, DAVQL_LT, DAVQL_GT, DAVQL_LE, DAVQL_GE, |
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74 | DAVQL_LIKE, DAVQL_UNLIKE // comparisons |
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75 | } davqloperator_t; |
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76 | |
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77 | typedef struct { |
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78 | davqltokenclass_t tokenclass; |
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79 | sstr_t value; |
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80 | } DavQLToken; |
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81 | |
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82 | /** |
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83 | * An expression within a DAVQL query. |
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84 | */ |
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85 | typedef struct _davqlexpr DavQLExpression; |
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86 | |
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87 | /** |
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88 | * The structure for type DavQLExpression. |
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89 | */ |
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90 | struct _davqlexpr { |
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91 | /** |
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92 | * The original expression text. |
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93 | * Contains the literal value, if type is LITERAL. |
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94 | */ |
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95 | sstr_t srctext; |
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96 | /** |
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97 | * The expression type. |
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98 | */ |
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99 | davqlexprtype_t type; |
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100 | /** |
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101 | * Operator. |
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102 | */ |
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103 | davqloperator_t op; |
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104 | /** |
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105 | * Left or single operand. |
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106 | * <code>NULL</code> for literals or identifiers. |
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107 | */ |
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108 | DavQLExpression *left; |
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109 | /** |
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110 | * Right operand. |
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111 | * <code>NULL</code> for literals, identifiers or unary expressions. |
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112 | */ |
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113 | DavQLExpression *right; |
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114 | }; |
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115 | |
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116 | /** |
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117 | * A tuple representing an order criterion. |
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118 | */ |
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119 | typedef struct { |
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120 | /** |
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121 | * The column. |
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122 | */ |
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123 | DavQLExpression *column; |
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124 | /** |
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125 | * True, if the result shall be sorted descending, false otherwise. |
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126 | * Default is false (ascending). |
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127 | */ |
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128 | _Bool descending; |
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129 | } DavQLOrderCriterion; |
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130 | |
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131 | /** |
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132 | * A tuple representing a field. |
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133 | */ |
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134 | typedef struct { |
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135 | /** |
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136 | * The field name. |
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137 | * <ul> |
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138 | * <li>SELECT: the identifier or an alias name</li> |
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139 | * <li>SET: the identifier</li> |
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140 | * </ul> |
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141 | */ |
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142 | sstr_t name; |
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143 | /** |
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144 | * The field expression. |
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145 | * <ul> |
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146 | * <li>SELECT: the queried property (identifier) or an expression</li> |
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147 | * <li>SET: the expression for the value to be set</li> |
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148 | * </ul> |
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149 | */ |
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150 | DavQLExpression *expr; |
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151 | } DavQLField; |
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152 | |
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153 | /** |
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154 | * Query statement object. |
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155 | * Contains the binary information about the parsed query. |
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156 | * |
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157 | * The grammar for a DavQLStatement is: |
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158 | * |
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159 | * <pre> |
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160 | * Keyword = "select" | "set" | "from" | "at" | "as" |
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161 | * | "where" | "anywhere" | "like" | "unlike" |
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162 | * | "and" | "or" | "not" | "xor" | "with" | "infinity" |
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163 | * | "order" | "by" | "asc" | "desc"; |
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164 | * |
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165 | * Expression = AddExpression; |
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166 | * AddExpression = MultExpression, [AddOperator, AddExpression]; |
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167 | * MultExpression = BitwiseExpression, [MultOperator, MultExpression]; |
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168 | * BitwiseExpression = UnaryExpression, [BitwiseOperator, BitwiseExpression]; |
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169 | * UnaryExpression = [UnaryOperator], (ParExpression | AtomicExpression); |
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170 | * AtomicExpression = FunctionCall | Identifier | Literal; |
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171 | * ParExpression = "(", Expression, ")"; |
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172 | * |
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173 | * BitwiseOperator = "&" | "|" | "^"; |
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174 | * MultOperator = "*" | "/"; |
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175 | * AddOperator = "+" | "-"; |
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176 | * UnaryOperator = "+" | "-" | "~"; |
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177 | * |
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178 | * FunctionCall = Identifier, "(", [ArgumentList], ")"; |
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179 | * ArgumentList = Expression, {",", Expression}; |
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180 | * Identifier = IdentifierChar - ?Digit?, {IdentifierChar} |
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181 | * | "`", ?Character? - "`", {?Character? - "`"}, "`"; |
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182 | * IdentifierChar = ?Character? - (" "|","); |
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183 | * Literal = Number | String | Timestamp; |
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184 | * Number = ?Digit?, {?Digit?} | "%d"; |
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185 | * String = "'", {?Character? - "'" | "'''"} , "'" | "%s"; |
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186 | * Timestamp = "%t"; // TODO: maybe introduce a real literal |
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187 | * |
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188 | * LogicalExpression = BooleanExpression, [LogicalOperator, LogicalExpression]; |
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189 | * BooleanExpression = "not ", BooleanExpression |
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190 | * | "(", LogicalExpression, ")" |
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191 | * | BooleanPrimary; |
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192 | * BooleanPrimary = Expression, (" like " | " unlike "), String |
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193 | * | Expression, Comparison, Expression |
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194 | * | FunctionCall | Identifier; |
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195 | * |
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196 | * LogicalOperator = " and " | " or " | " xor "; |
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197 | * Comparison = | "=" | "<" | ">" | "<=" | ">=" | "!="; |
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198 | * |
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199 | * FieldExpressions = "-" |
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200 | * | "*", {",", NamedField} |
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201 | * | FieldExpression, {",", FieldExpression}; |
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202 | * FieldExpression = NamedField | Identifier; |
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203 | * NamedField = Expression, " as ", Identifier; |
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204 | * |
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205 | * Assignments = Assignment, {",", Assignment}; |
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206 | * Assignment = Identifier, "=", Expression; |
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207 | * |
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208 | * Path = String |
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209 | * | "/", [PathNode, {"/", PathNode}], ["/"]; |
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210 | * PathNode = {{?Character? - "/"} - Keyword}; |
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211 | * |
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212 | * WithClause = "depth", "=", (Number | "infinity"); |
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213 | * |
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214 | * OrderByClause = OrderByCriterion, {",", OrderByCriterion}; |
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215 | * OrderByCriterion = (Identifier | Number), [" asc"|" desc"]; |
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216 | * |
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217 | * </pre> |
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218 | * |
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219 | * Note: mandatory spaces are part of the grammar. But you may also insert an |
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220 | * arbitrary amount of optional spaces between two symbols if they are not part |
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221 | * of an literal, identifier or the path. |
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222 | * |
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223 | * <b>SELECT:</b> |
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224 | * <pre> |
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225 | * SelectStatement = "select ", FieldExpressions, |
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226 | * " from ", Path, |
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227 | * [" with ", WithClause], |
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228 | * [(" where ", LogicalExpression) | " anywhere"], |
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229 | * [" order by ", OrderByClause]; |
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230 | * </pre> |
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231 | * |
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232 | * <b>SET:</b> |
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233 | * <pre> |
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234 | * SetStatement = "set ",Assignments, |
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235 | * " at ", Path, |
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236 | * [" with ", WithClause], |
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237 | * (" where ", LogicalExpression) | " anywhere"; |
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238 | * </pre> |
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239 | * |
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240 | */ |
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241 | typedef struct { |
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242 | /** |
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243 | * The original query text. |
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244 | */ |
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245 | sstr_t srctext; |
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246 | /** |
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247 | * The statement type. |
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248 | */ |
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249 | davqltype_t type; |
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250 | /** |
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251 | * Error code, if any error occurred. Zero otherwise. |
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252 | */ |
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253 | int errorcode; |
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254 | /** |
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255 | * Error message, if any error occurred. |
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256 | */ |
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257 | char* errormessage; |
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258 | /** |
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259 | * The list of DavQLFields. |
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260 | */ |
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261 | UcxList* fields; |
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262 | /** |
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263 | * A string that denotes the queried path. |
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264 | */ |
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265 | sstr_t path; |
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266 | /** |
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267 | * Logical expression for selection. |
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268 | * <code>NULL</code>, if there is no where clause. |
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269 | */ |
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270 | DavQLExpression* where; |
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271 | /** |
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272 | * The list of DavQLOrderCriterions. |
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273 | * This is <code>NULL</code> for SET queries and may be <code>NULL</code> |
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274 | * if the result doesn't need to be sorted. |
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275 | */ |
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276 | UcxList* orderby; |
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277 | /** |
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278 | * The recursion depth for the statement. |
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279 | * Defaults to 1. |
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280 | * Magic numbers are DAV_DEPTH_INFINITY for infinity and |
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281 | * DAV_DEPTH_PLACEHOLDER for a placeholder. |
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282 | */ |
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283 | int depth; |
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284 | /** |
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285 | * A list of all required arguments |
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286 | */ |
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287 | UcxList* args; |
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288 | } DavQLStatement; |
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289 | |
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290 | /** Infinity recursion depth for a DavQLStatement. */ |
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291 | #define DAV_DEPTH_INFINITY -1 |
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292 | |
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293 | /** Depth needs to be specified at runtime. */ |
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294 | #define DAV_DEPTH_PLACEHOLDER -2 |
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295 | |
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296 | /** Unexpected token. */ |
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297 | #define DAVQL_ERROR_UNEXPECTED_TOKEN 1 |
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298 | |
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299 | /** A token has been found, for which no token class is applicable. */ |
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300 | #define DAVQL_ERROR_INVALID_TOKEN 2 |
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301 | |
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302 | /** A token that has been expected was not found. */ |
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303 | #define DAVQL_ERROR_MISSING_TOKEN 11 |
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304 | |
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305 | /** An expression has been expected, but was not found. */ |
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306 | #define DAVQL_ERROR_MISSING_EXPR 12 |
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307 | |
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308 | /** A closed parenthesis ')' is missing. */ |
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309 | #define DAVQL_ERROR_MISSING_PAR 13 |
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310 | |
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311 | /** An assignment operator '=' is missing. */ |
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312 | #define DAVQL_ERROR_MISSING_ASSIGN 14 |
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313 | |
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314 | /** The type of the expression could not be determined. */ |
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315 | #define DAVQL_ERROR_INVALID_EXPR 21 |
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316 | |
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317 | /** An operator has been found for an unary expression, but it is invalid. */ |
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318 | #define DAVQL_ERROR_INVALID_UNARY_OP 22 |
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319 | |
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320 | /** An operator has been found for a logical expression, but it is invalid. */ |
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321 | #define DAVQL_ERROR_INVALID_LOGICAL_OP 23 |
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322 | |
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323 | /** Invalid format specifier. */ |
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324 | #define DAVQL_ERROR_INVALID_FMTSPEC 24 |
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325 | |
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326 | /** A string has been expected. */ |
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327 | #define DAVQL_ERROR_INVALID_STRING 25 |
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328 | |
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329 | /** The order criterion is invalid (must be an identifier or field index). */ |
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330 | #define DAVQL_ERROR_INVALID_ORDER_CRITERION 26 |
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331 | |
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332 | /** The depth is invalid. */ |
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333 | #define DAVQL_ERROR_INVALID_DEPTH 101 |
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334 | |
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335 | /** Nothing about the statement seems legit. */ |
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336 | #define DAVQL_ERROR_INVALID -1 |
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337 | |
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338 | /** A call to malloc or calloc failed. */ |
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339 | #define DAVQL_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY -2 |
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340 | |
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341 | /** |
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342 | * Starts an interactive debugger for a DavQLStatement. |
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343 | * |
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344 | * @param stmt the statement to debug |
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345 | */ |
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346 | void dav_debug_statement(DavQLStatement *stmt); |
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347 | |
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348 | /** |
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349 | * Parses a statement. |
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350 | * @param stmt the sstr_t containing the statement |
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351 | * @return a DavQLStatement object |
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352 | */ |
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353 | DavQLStatement* dav_parse_statement(sstr_t stmt); |
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354 | |
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355 | /** |
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356 | * Implicitly converts a cstr to a sstr_t and calls dav_parse_statement. |
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357 | */ |
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358 | #define dav_parse_cstr_statement(stmt) dav_parse_statement(S(stmt)) |
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359 | |
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360 | /** |
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361 | * Frees a DavQLStatement. |
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362 | * @param stmt the statement object to free |
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363 | */ |
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364 | void dav_free_statement(DavQLStatement *stmt); |
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365 | |
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366 | #ifdef __cplusplus |
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367 | } |
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368 | #endif |
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369 | |
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370 | #endif /* DAVQLPARSER_H */ |
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371 |