1 /*
2 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS HEADER.
3 *
4 * Copyright 2021 Mike Becker, Olaf Wintermann All rights reserved.
5 *
6 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
8 *
9 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11 *
12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15 *
16 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
17 * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
20 * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
21 * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
22 * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
23 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
24 * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
25 * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
26 * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
27 */
28 /**
29 * \file list.h
30 * \brief Interface for list implementations.
31 * \author Mike Becker
32 * \author Olaf Wintermann
33 * \version 3.0
34 * \copyright 2-Clause BSD License
35 */
36
37 #ifndef UCX_LIST_H
38 #define UCX_LIST_H
39
40 #include "common.h"
41 #include "collection.h"
42
43 #ifdef __cplusplus
44 extern "C" {
45 #endif
46
47 /**
48 * List class type.
49 */
50 typedef struct cx_list_class_s cx_list_class;
51
52 /**
53 * Structure for holding the base data of a list.
54 */
55 struct cx_list_s {
56 CX_COLLECTION_MEMBERS
57 /**
58 * The list class definition.
59 */
60 cx_list_class const *cl;
61 /**
62 * The actual implementation in case the list class is delegating.
63 */
64 cx_list_class const *climpl;
65 };
66
67 /**
68 * The class definition for arbitrary lists.
69 */
70 struct cx_list_class_s {
71 /**
72 * Destructor function.
73 *
74 * Implementations SHALL invoke the content destructor functions if provided
75 * and SHALL deallocate the list memory, if an allocator is provided.
76 */
77 void (*destructor)(struct cx_list_s *list);
78
79 /**
80 * Member function for inserting a single element.
81 * Implementors SHOULD see to performant implementations for corner cases.
82 */
83 int (*insert_element)(
84 struct cx_list_s *list,
85 size_t index,
86 void const *data
87 );
88
89 /**
90 * Member function for inserting multiple elements.
91 * Implementors SHOULD see to performant implementations for corner cases.
92 */
93 size_t (*insert_array)(
94 struct cx_list_s *list,
95 size_t index,
96 void const *data,
97 size_t n
98 );
99
100 /**
101 * Member function for inserting an element relative to an iterator position.
102 */
103 int (*insert_iter)(
104 struct cx_mut_iterator_s *iter,
105 void const *elem,
106 int prepend
107 );
108
109 /**
110 * Member function for removing an element.
111 */
112 int (*remove)(
113 struct cx_list_s *list,
114 size_t index
115 );
116
117 /**
118 * Member function for removing all elements.
119 */
120 void (*clear)(struct cx_list_s *list);
121
122 /**
123 * Member function for swapping two elements.
124 */
125 int (*swap)(
126 struct cx_list_s *list,
127 size_t i,
128 size_t j
129 );
130
131 /**
132 * Member function for element lookup.
133 */
134 void *(*at)(
135 struct cx_list_s const *list,
136 size_t index
137 );
138
139 /**
140 * Member function for finding an element.
141 */
142 ssize_t (*find)(
143 struct cx_list_s const *list,
144 void const *elem
145 );
146
147 /**
148 * Member function for sorting the list in-place.
149 */
150 void (*sort)(struct cx_list_s *list);
151
152 /**
153 * Member function for comparing this list to another list of the same type.
154 */
155 int (*compare)(
156 struct cx_list_s const *list,
157 struct cx_list_s const *other
158 );
159
160 /**
161 * Member function for reversing the order of the items.
162 */
163 void (*reverse)(struct cx_list_s *list);
164
165 /**
166 * Member function for returning an iterator pointing to the specified index.
167 */
168 struct cx_iterator_s (*iterator)(
169 struct cx_list_s const *list,
170 size_t index,
171 bool backward
172 );
173 };
174
175 /**
176 * Common type for all list implementations.
177 */
178 typedef struct cx_list_s CxList;
179
180 /**
181 * Advises the list to store copies of the objects (default mode of operation).
182 *
183 * Retrieving objects from this list will yield pointers to the copies stored
184 * within this list.
185 *
186 * @param list the list
187 * @see cxListStorePointers()
188 */
189 __attribute__((__nonnull__))
190 void cxListStoreObjects(CxList *list);
191
192 /**
193 * Advises the list to only store pointers to the objects.
194 *
195 * Retrieving objects from this list will yield the original pointers stored.
196 *
197 * @note This function forcibly sets the element size to the size of a pointer.
198 * Invoking this function on a non-empty list that already stores copies of
199 * objects is undefined.
200 *
201 * @param list the list
202 * @see cxListStoreObjects()
203 */
204 __attribute__((__nonnull__))
205 void cxListStorePointers(CxList *list);
206
207 /**
208 * Returns true, if this list is storing pointers instead of the actual data.
209 *
210 * @param list
211 * @return true, if this list is storing pointers
212 * @see cxListStorePointers()
213 */
214 __attribute__((__nonnull__))
215 static inline bool cxListIsStoringPointers(CxList const *list) {
216 return list->store_pointer;
217 }
218
219 /**
220 * Returns the number of elements currently stored in the list.
221 *
222 * @param list the list
223 * @return the number of currently stored elements
224 */
225 __attribute__((__nonnull__))
226 static inline size_t cxListSize(CxList const *list) {
227 return list->size;
228 }
229
230 /**
231 * Adds an item to the end of the list.
232 *
233 * @param list the list
234 * @param elem a pointer to the element to add
235 * @return zero on success, non-zero on memory allocation failure
236 * @see cxListAddArray()
237 */
238 __attribute__((__nonnull__))
239 static inline int cxListAdd(
240 CxList *list,
241 void const *elem
242 ) {
243 return list->cl->insert_element(list, list->size, elem);
244 }
245
246 /**
247 * Adds multiple items to the end of the list.
248 *
249 * This method is more efficient than invoking cxListAdd() multiple times.
250 *
251 * If there is not enough memory to add all elements, the returned value is
252 * less than \p n.
253 *
254 * If this list is storing pointers instead of objects \p array is expected to
255 * be an array of pointers.
256 *
257 * @param list the list
258 * @param array a pointer to the elements to add
259 * @param n the number of elements to add
260 * @return the number of added elements
261 */
262 __attribute__((__nonnull__))
263 static inline size_t cxListAddArray(
264 CxList *list,
265 void const *array,
266 size_t n
267 ) {
268 return list->cl->insert_array(list, list->size, array, n);
269 }
270
271 /**
272 * Inserts an item at the specified index.
273 *
274 * If \p index equals the list \c size, this is effectively cxListAdd().
275 *
276 * @param list the list
277 * @param index the index the element shall have
278 * @param elem a pointer to the element to add
279 * @return zero on success, non-zero on memory allocation failure
280 * or when the index is out of bounds
281 * @see cxListInsertAfter()
282 * @see cxListInsertBefore()
283 */
284 __attribute__((__nonnull__))
285 static inline int cxListInsert(
286 CxList *list,
287 size_t index,
288 void const *elem
289 ) {
290 return list->cl->insert_element(list, index, elem);
291 }
292
293 /**
294 * Inserts multiple items to the list at the specified index.
295 * If \p index equals the list size, this is effectively cxListAddArray().
296 *
297 * This method is usually more efficient than invoking cxListInsert()
298 * multiple times.
299 *
300 * If there is not enough memory to add all elements, the returned value is
301 * less than \p n.
302 *
303 * If this list is storing pointers instead of objects \p array is expected to
304 * be an array of pointers.
305 *
306 * @param list the list
307 * @param index the index where to add the elements
308 * @param array a pointer to the elements to add
309 * @param n the number of elements to add
310 * @return the number of added elements
311 */
312 __attribute__((__nonnull__))
313 static inline size_t cxListInsertArray(
314 CxList *list,
315 size_t index,
316 void const *array,
317 size_t n
318 ) {
319 return list->cl->insert_array(list, index, array, n);
320 }
321
322 /**
323 * Inserts an element after the current location of the specified iterator.
324 *
325 * The used iterator remains operational, but all other active iterators should
326 * be considered invalidated.
327 *
328 * If \p iter is not a list iterator, the behavior is undefined.
329 * If \p iter is a past-the-end iterator, the new element gets appended to the list.
330 *
331 * @param iter an iterator
332 * @param elem the element to insert
333 * @return zero on success, non-zero on memory allocation failure
334 * @see cxListInsert()
335 * @see cxListInsertBefore()
336 */
337 __attribute__((__nonnull__))
338 static inline int cxListInsertAfter(
339 CxMutIterator *iter,
340 void const *elem
341 ) {
342 return ((struct cx_list_s *) iter->src_handle)->cl->insert_iter(iter, elem, 0);
343 }
344
345 /**
346 * Inserts an element before the current location of the specified iterator.
347 *
348 * The used iterator remains operational, but all other active iterators should
349 * be considered invalidated.
350 *
351 * If \p iter is not a list iterator, the behavior is undefined.
352 * If \p iter is a past-the-end iterator, the new element gets appended to the list.
353 *
354 * @param iter an iterator
355 * @param elem the element to insert
356 * @return zero on success, non-zero on memory allocation failure
357 * @see cxListInsert()
358 * @see cxListInsertAfter()
359 */
360 __attribute__((__nonnull__))
361 static inline int cxListInsertBefore(
362 CxMutIterator *iter,
363 void const *elem
364 ) {
365 return ((struct cx_list_s *) iter->src_handle)->cl->insert_iter(iter, elem, 1);
366 }
367
368 /**
369 * Removes the element at the specified index.
370 *
371 * If an element destructor function is specified, it is called before
372 * removing the element.
373 *
374 * @param list the list
375 * @param index the index of the element
376 * @return zero on success, non-zero if the index is out of bounds
377 */
378 __attribute__((__nonnull__))
379 static inline int cxListRemove(
380 CxList *list,
381 size_t index
382 ) {
383 return list->cl->remove(list, index);
384 }
385
386 /**
387 * Removes all elements from this list.
388 *
389 * If an element destructor function is specified, it is called for each
390 * element before removing them.
391 *
392 * @param list the list
393 */
394 __attribute__((__nonnull__))
395 static inline void cxListClear(CxList *list) {
396 list->cl->clear(list);
397 }
398
399 /**
400 * Swaps two items in the list.
401 *
402 * Implementations should only allocate temporary memory for the swap, if
403 * it is necessary.
404 *
405 * @param list the list
406 * @param i the index of the first element
407 * @param j the index of the second element
408 * @return zero on success, non-zero if one of the indices is out of bounds
409 */
410 __attribute__((__nonnull__))
411 static inline int cxListSwap(
412 CxList *list,
413 size_t i,
414 size_t j
415 ) {
416 return list->cl->swap(list, i, j);
417 }
418
419 /**
420
/a> * Returns a pointer to the element at the specified index.
421 *
422 * @param list the list
423 * @param index the index of the element
424 * @return a pointer to the element or \c NULL if the index is out of bounds
425 */
426 __attribute__((__nonnull__))
427 static inline void *cxListAt(
428 CxList *list,
429 size_t index
430 ) {
431 return list->cl->at(list, index);
432 }
433
434 /**
435 * Returns an iterator pointing to the item at the specified index.
436 *
437 * The returned iterator is position-aware.
438 *
439 * If the index is out of range, a past-the-end iterator will be returned.
440 *
441 * @param list the list
442 * @param index the index where the iterator shall point at
443 * @return a new iterator
444 */
445 __attribute__((__nonnull__, __warn_unused_result__))
446 static inline CxIterator cxListIteratorAt(
447 CxList const *list,
448 size_t index
449 ) {
450 return list->cl->iterator(list, index, false);
451 }
452
453 /**
454 * Returns a backwards iterator pointing to the item at the specified index.
455 *
456 * The returned iterator is position-aware.
457 *
458 * If the index is out of range, a past-the-end iterator will be returned.
459 *
460 * @param list the list
461 * @param index the index where the iterator shall point at
462 * @return a new iterator
463 */
464 __attribute__((__nonnull__, __warn_unused_result__))
465 static inline CxIterator cxListBackwardsIteratorAt(
466 CxList const *list,
467 size_t index
468 ) {
469 return list->cl->iterator(list, index, true);
470 }
471
472 /**
473 * Returns a mutating iterator pointing to the item at the specified index.
474 *
475 * The returned iterator is position-aware.
476 *
477 * If the index is out of range, a past-the-end iterator will be returned.
478 *
479 * @param list the list
480 * @param index the index where the iterator shall point at
481 * @return a new iterator
482 */
483 __attribute__((__nonnull__, __warn_unused_result__))
484 CxMutIterator cxListMutIteratorAt(
485 CxList *list,
486 size_t index
487 );
488
489 /**
490 * Returns a mutating backwards iterator pointing to the item at the
491 * specified index.
492 *
493 * The returned iterator is position-aware.
494 *
495 * If the index is out of range, a past-the-end iterator will be returned.
496 *
497 * @param list the list
498 * @param index the index where the iterator shall point at
499 * @return a new iterator
500 */
501 __attribute__((__nonnull__, __warn_unused_result__))
502 CxMutIterator cxListMutBackwardsIteratorAt(
503 CxList *list,
504 size_t index
505 );
506
507 /**
508 * Returns an iterator pointing to the first item of the list.
509 *
510 * The returned iterator is position-aware.
511 *
512 * If the list is empty, a past-the-end iterator will be returned.
513 *
514 * @param list the list
515 * @return a new iterator
516 */
517 __attribute__((__nonnull__, __warn_unused_result__))
518 static inline CxIterator cxListIterator(CxList const *list) {
519 return list->cl->iterator(list, 0, false);
520 }
521
522 /**
523 * Returns a mutating iterator pointing to the first item of the list.
524 *
525 * The returned iterator is position-aware.
526 *
527 * If the list is empty, a past-the-end iterator will be returned.
528 *
529 * @param list the list
530 * @return a new iterator
531 */
532 __attribute__((__nonnull__, __warn_unused_result__))
533 static inline CxMutIterator cxListMutIterator(CxList *list) {
534 return cxListMutIteratorAt(list, 0);
535 }
536
537
538 /**
539 * Returns a backwards iterator pointing to the last item of the list.
540 *
541 * The returned iterator is position-aware.
542 *
543 * If the list is empty, a past-the-end iterator will be returned.
544 *
545 * @param list the list
546 * @return a new iterator
547 */
548 __attribute__((__nonnull__, __warn_unused_result__))
549 static inline CxIterator cxListBackwardsIterator(CxList const *list) {
550 return list->cl->iterator(list, list->size - 1, true);
551 }
552
553 /**
554 * Returns a mutating backwards iterator pointing to the last item of the list.
555 *
556 * The returned iterator is position-aware.
557 *
558 * If the list is empty, a past-the-end iterator will be returned.
559 *
560 * @param list the list
561 * @return a new iterator
562 */
563 __attribute__((__nonnull__, __war
unused_result__))
564 static inline CxMutIterator cxListMutBackwardsIterator(CxList *list) {
565 return cxListMutBackwardsIteratorAt(list, list->size - 1);
566 }
567
568 /**
569 * Returns the index of the first element that equals \p elem.
570 *
571 * Determining equality is performed by the list's comparator function.
572 *
573 * @param list the list
574 * @param elem the element to find
575 * @return the index of the element or a negative
576 * value when the element is not found
577 */
578 __attribute__((__nonnull__))
579 static inline ssize_t cxListFind(
580 CxList const *list,
581 void const *elem
582 ) {
583 return list->cl->find(list, elem);
584 }
585
586 /**
587 * Sorts the list in-place.
588 *
589 * \remark The underlying sort algorithm is implementation defined.
590 *
591 * @param list the list
592 */
593 __attribute__((__nonnull__))
594 static inline void cxListSort(CxList *list) {
595 list->cl->sort(list);
596 }
597
598 /**
599 * Reverses the order of the items.
600 *
601 * @param list the list
602 */
603 __attribute__((__nonnull__))
604 static inline void cxListReverse(CxList *list) {
605 list->cl->reverse(list);
606 }
607
608 /**
609 * Compares a list to another list of the same type.
610 *
611 * First, the list sizes are compared.
612 * If they match, the lists are compared element-wise.
613 *
614 * @param list the list
615 * @param other the list to compare to
616 * @return zero, if both lists are equal element wise,
617 * negative if the first list is smaller, positive if the first list is larger
618 */
619 __attribute__((__nonnull__))
620 int cxListCompare(
621 CxList const *list,
622 CxList const *other
623 );
624
625 /**
626 * Deallocates the memory of the specified list structure.
627 *
628 * Also calls content a destructor function, depending on the configuration
629 * in CxList.content_destructor_type.
630 *
631 * This function itself is a destructor function for the CxList.
632 *
633 * @param list the list which shall be destroyed
634 */
635 __attribute__((__nonnull__))
636 void cxListDestroy(CxList *list);
637
638 /**
639 * A shared instance of an empty list.
640 *
641 * Writing to that list is undefined.
642 */
643 extern CxList * const cxEmptyList;
644
645
646 #ifdef __cplusplus
647 } // extern "C"
648 #endif
649
650 #endif // UCX_LIST_H
651